Two factor theory of Intelligence
v Proposed by Charles E. Spearman –(1923) (American
Psychologist)
v According to Spearman:-
v Intelligence consist only two factor General factor
(g) and Specific factor (s)
v g’ factor is general mental ability towards
different tasks.
v ‘s’ factor is specific capacity that helps the
person to deal with specific problems
v g’ factor remains constant while ‘s’ factor varies
with the intellectual activity. For example, One’s performance in physics= g+s1;
Maths =g+s2; English =g+s3
v Different activity requires different
combination of ‘g’ and ‘s’
‘s’ factor influenced by education and training
whereas ‘g’ is innate
‘g’ factor
Ø Universal inborn ability
Ø General mental energy
Ø Amount of ‘g’ differs from individual
to individual
Ø It is used in every life activity
Ø The greater the ‘g’ in individual, the
greater the success.
‘s’ factor
Ø It learned and acquired in environment
Ø It varies from activity to activity in
the same individual
Ø Individuals differ in amount of ‘s’.
Ø Mass of ‘s’ is unlimited.
Ø We can improve ‘s’ factor.
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