Leadership in Education Management
I used to think that running
an organization was equivalent to conducting a symphony orchestra. But I don't
think that's quite it; it's more like jazz. There is more improvisation. — Warren Bennis
Introduction
v Leadership
is the one of the most important function of management.
v Leading involves directing, influencing &
motivating employees to perform
Leadership is a process
by which a person influences others to accomplish an objective and directs the
organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent.
Leadership: The Concept
“Leadership
is a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve
a common goal.”
-----------Northouse(2007,p3)
1. George.R.Terry: “activity
of influencing people to strive willingly for objectives.”
2. John C. Masewell: “Leadership
is influence-not more,nothing less.”
3. Peter Drucker: “Leader
is someone who has followers.”
4.
Paul Hersy and Kenneth H.
Blanchard(1986): “a process of
influencing the activities of an individual or a group in efforts toward goal
achievement in a given situation.”
Leadership is a function of leader,follower and other situational
variables. – L=F(L.F.S)
Factors of Leadership
a)
Leader
Leaders must
have an honest understanding of –
Ø
Who
they are
Ø
What
they know, and
Ø
What
they can do .
To be sucessful leaders have to convince
their followers.
b) Followers
Leader must know his followers’
i.e. a good understanding of human
nature such as needs,emotions and motivation.
c)
Communication
Ø Leadership
occurs through two way communication.
Ø Much
of it is non-verbal.
d) Situation
Ø All
situations are different.
Ø What
leaders do in one situation will not always work in another.
Ø Leder
must use his judgement to decide the best course of action.
Ø Leadership
style is needed for each situation.
Various forces will affect
these four factors. Examples of forces are:
v your
relationship with your seniors
v the
skills of your followers
v the
informal leaders within your organization
v how
your organization is organized
Types of Leadeship
According to Jago,1982
there are two types of leadership
1.
Process Leadership
2.
Trait Leadership
Process Leadership
Ø Good
leaders are made not born.
Ø Leaders
carry out their jobs by applying leadership knowledge and skills.
Ø Good
leaders are continually working and studying to improve their leadership
skills.
Trait Leadership
Ø Leaders
are born rather than made.
Ø Persons
have traits that can influence their actions.
Boss or Leader?
a. Assigned
Leadership
During
acting as a manager,supervisor in any educational organisation,the agency gives
him the authority to accomplish certain tasks,onjectives of the organisation. This
power does not make you a leader. It
simply makes you a boss.
b.
Emergent Leadership
Leadership makes the
followers want to achieve high goals rather than simply ordering people around .
----(Rowe, 2007)
Comparison
A person gets assigned
leadership by his position. A person can display
Emergent Leadership by influencing people to do great things.
To Sum Up………
Leadership
Is
a process
Involves
influence
Occurs
within a group content
Involvs
goal attainment
Leadership Function in Education Management
Inredients of Leadership Skill-Leaders should
have the ability to
Comprehend
that human beings have different motivational forces at different times.
Relalize
that human beings have different motivational forces in different situations.
Inspire.
Act
in a manner which will develop a conducive climate to arousing motivation.
Use
power efectively and in a responsible manner.
Power---capacity of A to influence the
Behaviour of B so that B does things that A would want.
Five Possible
Bases of Power(Types)—French & Raven,1968
1.
Reward Power- Reward power is
conveyed through rewarding individuals for compliance with one’s wishes.For
example, the supervisor who provides employees comp time when they meet an
objective she sets for a project.
2. Coercive Power - Coercive power is conveyed through fear of losing one’s
job, being demoted, receiving a poor performance review, having prime projects
taken away, etc. For example, the VP of Sales who threatens sales folks
to meet
their goals or get replaced.
3. Legitimate Power- Legitimate power comes from having
a position of power in an organization, such as being the boss or a key member
of a leadership team. For example, the CEO who determines the overall direction
of the company and the resource needs of the company.
4. Referent Power- Referent power comes from being
trusted and respected. We can gain referent power when others trust what
we do and respect us for how we handle situations. For example, the Human
Resource Associate who is known for ensuring employees are treated fairly and
coming to the rescue of those who are not.
5. Expert Power- Derived from subordinate’s
perception of the leader as someone who has access to information and relevant
knowledge.For example, the Project Manager who is an expert at solving
particularly challenging problems to ensure a project stays on track.
Management and Leadership
Though the terms ‘management’ and ‘leadership’ are often
used interchangeably thereare certain fundamental differences between these
two. Hollingsworth (1989) lists at least six fundamental differences
between management and leadership.
A manager administers, but a leader innovates
A manager maintains, while a leader develops
A manager focuses on systems and structures,
whereas a leader’s focus is on people
A manager relies on control, but a leader
inspires trust
A manager keeps an eye on the bottom line,
while a leader has an eye on the horizon
A manager does things right, a leader does
the right thing.
Management Versus Leadership
|
1. Promotes stability,order and problem solving within
existing organisational structure and systems.
|
1. Promotes
vision,creativity and change
|
|
2. Takes care
of where you are.
|
2. Takes to you
a new place.
|
Personal Characterstics of Leaders
Top 10 Qualities of a Leader
-
Motivational skills
-
Teamwork
-
Communication skills
-
Delegational skills
-
Task responsibility/Dependebility
-
Honesty/Sincerity
-
Approachable/Friendly
-
Staediness
-
Professionalism
-
Personalization
|
|
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